1. A phosphor blend consisting of a red-emitting rare earth phosphor, a green-emitting rare earth phosphor, and a blue-emitting rare earth phosphor, wherein the blue-emitting rare earth phosphor is selected from the group consisting of BAM and SCAp, and wherein the median particle size of the red-emitting rare earth phosphor, the green-emitting rare earth phosphor, and the blue-emitting rare earth phosphor is between about 12 to 15 ?m.

1. A system for controlling the dimming of a solid-state light source, the system comprising:
a digital rectification module configured to rectify a phase-cut alternating current (AC) signal into:
a rectified direct current (DC) power; and
a rectified phase-cut signal; and
a microcontroller configured to receive the rectified phase-cut signal, wherein the microcontroller comprises:
a timer module configured to:
measure, within a given period, a duration of a low state of the rectified phase-cut signal and output a low value based thereon;
and

measure, within the given period, a duration of a high state of the rectified phase-cut signal and output a high value based
thereon; and

a PWM module configured to generate a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal based on at least one of the low value and the high
value.

1. A lighting device, comprising:
a solid state light source;
an electronic driver for the solid state light source configured to receive power from a power source and to provide the power
to the solid state light source;

a first housing that contains, at least in part, the electronic driver, and comprises a support, wherein the support comprises
an exterior and an interior, wherein the interior comprises a first opening; and

a second housing connected to the first housing, such that the support of the first housing provides mechanical support to
the second housing, wherein the second housing is a heat sink for the lighting device and comprises an interior portion and
an exterior portion, wherein the exterior portion comprises a plurality of external openings, wherein the interior portion
comprises a second opening corresponding to and substantially co-planar with the first opening of the first housing, such
that air entering an external opening in the plurality of external openings is able to mix with air located in the first housing
by flowing through the first opening and the corresponding second opening, so as to cool the electronic driver.

1. A lighting device, comprising:
a plurality of solid state light sources;
a housing encompassing the plurality of solid state light sources, wherein the housing comprises a first end comprising a
first end cap and an opening;

a first set of pins extending from the first end cap;
a first set of pin connectors, coupled to the first set of pins; and
a movable actuator, wherein the movable actuator comprises a pair of electrical connectors that correspond to the first set
of pin connectors and are coupled to the plurality of solid state light sources, a bridge that holds the pair of electrical
connectors, and a holder extending from the bridge through the opening in the first end cap, wherein the movable actuator
is capable of movement between a closed position and an open position, wherein the closed position results in an electrical
connection between the pair of electrical connectors and the first set of pin connectors, and wherein the open position results
in no electrical connection between the pair of electrical connectors and the first set of pin connectors.

1. A power supply to generate a current to drive a load, comprising: front end circuitry to generate a direct-current voltage
based on an input voltage; control circuitry to control generation of output power based on the direct-current voltage, the
control circuitry including startup circuitry, power factor correction circuitry, and output power configuration circuitry;
and drive circuitry to generate the at least one current based on the output power, the drive circuitry including at least
drive current configuration circuitry, wherein the drive circuitry comprises a transformer having a primary winding and a
secondary winding, wherein the primary winding is connected to the start-up circuitry and the input voltage and the secondary
winding is connected to the drive configuration circuitry and not the input voltage.

1. A solid-state lamp comprising:a printed circuit board (PCB);
a first plurality of solid-state emitters populated over the PCB and configured to emit light having a first correlated color temperature (CCT);
a second plurality of solid-state emitters populated over the PCB and configured to emit light having a second CCT that differs from the first CCT; and
a controller configured to:
electronically control, via a control signal, emissions of the first plurality of solid-state emitters and the second plurality of solid-state emitters such that:
in a first emissions mode, the first plurality of solid-state emitters emits light, wherein a spectral power ratio of the light emitted at a wavelength in the range of about 400-495 nm to a remainder of the light emitted by the first plurality of solid-state emitters in the first emissions mode is such that the light emitted at the wavelength in the range of about 400-495 nm constitutes about 10% or less of a total light emitted by the first plurality of solid-state emitters; and
in a second emissions mode, the second plurality of solid-state emitters emits light, wherein a spectral power ratio of the light emitted at a wavelength in the range of about 400-495 nm to a remainder of the light emitted by the second plurality of solid-state emitters in the second emissions mode is such that the light emitted at the wavelength in the range of about 400-495 nm constitutes about 30% or more of a total light emitted by the second plurality of solid-state emitters; and
provide for changing between the first emissions mode and the second emissions mode based on hysteresis of a lighting switch associated with a power socket with which the solid-state lamp is configured to be operatively coupled.

1. A lighting system comprising:a mounting fixture configured to engage a mounting surface;
a light fixture configured to engage the mounting fixture and comprising a driver configured to drive a light source;
a first fastener comprising a movable elongated member and configured to removably couple the light fixture to the mounting fixture in an extended configuration;
a second fastener configured to removably couple the light fixture to the mounting fixture in a retracted configuration; and
a first heatsink for dissipating heat generated by a light source coupled to the light fixture; and
a second heatsink distinct from the first heat sink and for dissipating heat generated by the driver.

1. A reflector assembly for a variable-beam illumination device comprising:an array of light sources that produces an output of light;
a first discrete concave reflector segment at least partially surrounding the array of light sources and shaped to produce a first light distribution, the first light distribution having a wide-angle light distribution from the output;
a second discrete concave reflector segment at least partially surrounding the array of light sources and shaped to produce a second light distribution, wherein the second light distribution from the output is narrower than the first light distribution; and
means for selectively activating the array of light sources,
wherein at least one of the first and second concave reflector segments is movable relative to the other one of the first and second concave reflector segments between a first position and a second position, such that:
(a) the outer light sources of the array of light sources are selectively activated by the means and a portion of the output is intercepted and reflected to effectuate the first light distribution when the at least one of the first and second concave reflector segments is in the first position, and
(b) the inner light sources of the array of light sources are selectively activated by the means and a portion of the output is intercepted and reflected to effectuate the second light distribution when the at least one of the first and second reflector segments is in the second position.

1. A low profile light, comprising:one or more solid state light sources;
a cover disposed in relation to the one or more solid state light sources such that light emitted by the one or more solid state light sources passes through the cover;
a driver to supply electrical power to the one or more solid state light sources, wherein the driver is contained within a driver housing; and
a low profile light (LPL) housing comprising:
a central portion having a first side and a second side;
a lip, wherein the lip extends around an outer edge of the LPL housing;
a cover receptacle configured to receive the cover;
an outer face, wherein the outer face extends from the lip inward towards the cover receptacle;
an inner surface, wherein the inner surface extends downward away from the central portion and upward towards the lip, so as to form a valley; and
a fin, extending perpendicularly up from and engaged to the central portion and independent of the driver housing, wherein the fin is of curved configuration and is configured to at least partially surround a correspondingly curved exterior portion of the driver housing when the driver housing is hosted by the LPL housing, and wherein the fin is not configured to hold the driver housing in contact with the LPL housing.

1. An LED driver system having a backup energy source, the system comprising:a first AC mains input configured for coupling to an AC mains power source;
a voltage regulation circuit coupled to the AC mains input and receiving AC or rectified AC power, the voltage regulation circuit having one or more bus coupling I/Os;
a voltage to current converter circuit having one or more bus coupling I/Os and a regulated current output configured to drive a light source comprising one or more light emitting diodes;
an energy storage management system coupled to a removable energy storage device and having one or more bus coupling I/Os, the energy storage management system comprising:
a converter controlling a voltage on the energy storage device and charging and discharging rates of the energy storage device; and
a controller controlling the converter, the controller also receiving feedback from the converter,
wherein the voltage regulator circuit and the voltage to current converter circuit each comprise a controller, and wherein the combination of these two controllers is programmed, coded, or wired to receive AC power from the AC mains power source and convert this to a regulated current for driving the light source when the energy storage management system is decoupled from the system;
a bus having at least data and power channels, wherein the energy storage management system, the voltage regulator circuit, and the voltage to current converter circuit are all coupled to the bus; wherein
the voltage regulation circuit or the voltage to current converter circuit comprises a master controller and the master controller controls the controller of the energy storage management system as well as a controller of whichever of the voltage regulation circuit or the voltage to current converter does not comprise the master controller; and wherein
the master controller is programmed, coded, or wired to control:
driving the light source from a simultaneous combination of the energy storage device and the AC mains power source;
simultaneous charging the energy storage device and driving the light source from the AC mains power source; and
driving the light source from the energy storage device when the AC mains power source is not available.

1. An end cap apparatus, comprising:a base having a first side and an opposed second side;
an outer wall having an inside surface and an outside surface, the outer wall extending a first distance from the first side of the base;
an inner wall having an inside surface and an outside surface, the inner wall extending a second distance from the first side of the base and spaced inward of the outer wall to define a gap therebetween; and
at least one contactor disposed at least partially in the inner wall, the at least one contactor extending beyond the outside surface of the inner wall and being capable of exerting a force directed outwardly from the outside surface of the inner wall;
wherein:
the outer wall has at least one aperture that is coaxially aligned with the at least one contactor; and
the at least one contactor comprises a plurality of contactors and the at least one aperture comprises a corresponding plurality of apertures, each of the plurality of apertures being coaxially aligned with a respective one of the plurality of contactors.

1. A light source producing a beam of variable divergence, comprising:a plurality of light-emitting devices arranged on a plane that includes a first set of light emitting devices positioned around a second set of light emitting devices;
a concave reflecting optic having an axis of symmetry traveling through the second set of light emitting diodes, and comprising a plurality of segments for reflecting at least a portion of light emitted by the light-emitting devices and reflected by the optic forming a light beam, the segments having an aiming angle which increases gradually with increasing distance from the plane of the plurality of light emitting devices for increasing light divergence of the light beam; and
driver circuitry for controlling drive currents to the light-emitting devices such that a maximum divergence of the light beam is produced by said driver circuitry powering outermost light emitting devices of the first set of light emitting devices, and a gradually decreasing divergence of the light beam is produced by said driver circuitry decreasing a number of powered outermost light emitting devices of the first set of light emitting devices while selectively powering a combination of the inner light emitting devices of the first set of light emitting devices and the second set of light emitting devices.

1. A light device for producing an output light beam, comprising:a first end;
a second end;
a longitudinal axis extending therebetween;
a light source assembly comprising a plurality of light sources arranged at the first end of the light device and configured to emit light towards the second end and parallel with the longitudinal axis;
a substrate upon which the light source assembly is disposed, the substrate and the light source assembly forming a first surface;
a chamber for mixing light emitted from the light source assembly, the chamber comprising a second surface that is located substantially at a focus of the reflecting optic;
a concave reflecting optic for redirecting light exiting the chamber and emitted onto the optic, the redirected light forming an output light beam, the chamber positioned between the light source assembly and the concave reflecting optic, wherein the concave reflecting optic comprises a series of adjacent parabolic segments each having a different aiming angle; and
driver circuitry for controlling drive currents to respective ones of the plurality of light sources individually or in groups thereof to thereby variably control a divergence of the output light beam, the output light beam exiting the second end of the light device.

1. An apparatus comprising:an analyzer for determining a transformer type based at least in part on a power signal received from a transformer, wherein the determined transformer type corresponds to a magnetic transformer or an electronic transformer; and
a generator for generating a control signal, based at least in part on the determined transformer type, to instruct a regulator IC to operate in one of a plurality of operating modes in accordance with the transformer type, wherein the plurality of operating modes comprise a first mode for accepting a low-frequency input voltage and a second mode for accepting a high-frequency input voltage;
wherein the apparatus is a processor, microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit, or field-programmable gate array.

1. A system, comprising:a load including a first light source and a second light source; and
a power supply to drive the load, the power supply comprising:
a front end circuit to generate a direct current voltage based on an input voltage received from a dimmer;
a converter circuit to generate a first voltage to drive the first light source and a second voltage to drive the second light source based on the direct current voltage; and
a load current control circuit to control a current flowing through the second light source based on a light control setting configured in the dimmer, the load current control circuit being configured to control the current flowing through the second light source to cause the first light source and the second light source to operate collaboratively in a dimming function of the light control setting, wherein the load current control circuit is configured to control the current flowing through the second light source based on a sense voltage proportional to a current flowing solely through the first light source, the sense voltage proportional to the current flowing solely through the first light source being determined from at least one sense resistor that is in communication with only the first light source, wherein the load current control circuit comprises a current regulator circuit to control the current flowing through the second light source, wherein the current regulator circuit comprises an operational amplifier, a first resistor coupled to an output of the operational amplifier, a transistor having a gate coupled to the first resistor and a drain coupled to an output of the second light source, a second resistor coupled between a source of the transistor and an input to the operational amplifier, a current sense resistor coupled between the source of the transistor and a negative terminal of the first light source, and a capacitor coupled between the first resistor and the sense resistor.

1. A system for retrofitting a fluorescent based lighting fixture troffer to an LED-based lighting fixture, the LED-based lighting fixture comprising:a driver module;
a track electrically connected to the driver module, wherein the track comprises at least one electronic conductor disposed along a length of the track;
at least one track adapter removably connected to the track, wherein the at least one track adapter comprises a locking mechanism configured to engage removably with the track at a position along the track; and
at least one light engine module configured to be removably engaged with the at least one track adapter.

1. A system for controlling multiple appliances concurrently using short-range wireless communication, the system comprising:a control device having a control processor capable of encoding at least one command within at least one advertisement to make a command advertisement;
a transmission device integral with the control device capable of transmitting the command advertisement, wherein the at least one command advertisement contains the at least one encoded command;
a plurality of appliances remotely located relative to the control device;
a plurality of receiving devices, wherein each of the plurality of appliances has at least one of the receiving devices, the appliances each capable of receiving the at least one command advertisement through the at least one receiving device; and
a plurality of appliance processors, wherein each of the plurality of appliances has at least one of the plurality of appliance processors, wherein each of the plurality of appliance processors is capable of decoding the at least one encoded command,wherein each of the receiving devices receive the at least one command advertisement without being paired to the transmission device.

1. A method of controlling lighting comprising:color coding at least one group icon for a scene for lighting on a light control interface, the at least one group icon being color coded with a first type color identifier corresponding to the scene;
grouping at least one member icon designating a light function form for at least one lamp to the at least one group icon on the light control interface, the at least one member icon including a second type color identifier, wherein a member icon being grouped to a group icon has a same color for the second type color identifier for the member icon as the first type color identifier, the second type color identifier is present at a periphery of the at least one member icon, wherein the second type color identifier comprises a plurality of segments of different colors identifying grouping of the at least one member icon to more than one group in said at least one group icon, wherein each segment of the plurality of different colors designates that the at least one member icon is grouped to the group icon color coded with said same color as said each segment of the second type color identifier; and
activating the at least one lamp of the member icon being grouped to the group icon by selecting the group icon having the first color identifier matching the second color identifier of the member icon.

1. A lamp tube comprising:a glass tube body having a perimeter defined by a sidewall of the glass tube body for enclosing a hollow interior, the glass tube body comprised of a silicate base glass composition including an optically diffusive agent that is alloyed with the silicate base glass composition, wherein the optically diffusive agent is lithium borosilicate, the optically diffusive agent is present in an amount ranging from 15 wt. % to 25 wt. %, wherein a light diffusivity coating is not present on the glass tube body.

1. A method of calibrating and operating a relay device for switching AC signals through a load, wherein the method accounts for relay switching delay that changes with relay age and temperature, the method comprising:measuring relay switching delays for two or more relays at a plurality of temperatures;
deriving a master polynomial as a best fit to the delays as a function of the temperatures, the master polynomial including variables for temperature, x, and delay, y, and a constant, C, for a y-intercept of the master polynomial;
coupling a first relay device to a calibration circuit;
measuring a calibration temperature for the first relay device;
instructing a relay of the first relay device to switch, and identifying a first time of the instructing;
monitoring a signal through the relay to determine a second time when the relay closes;
calculating a calibration delay as a time between the second time and the first time;
inserting the calibration delay and the calibration temperature into the master polynomial and solving for the constant, C, for the y-intercept to give a use polynomial having the variables, x and y, for temperature and delay;
wherein the first relay device is configured for:
installation and coupling in series with a load and an AC mains;
receiving an instruction to switch the relay;
measuring a use temperature;
inserting the use temperature into the use polynomial and solving for the delay;
detecting a first zero crossing of an AC signal from the AC mains passing through the first relay device;
determining a frequency of the AC signal; and
switching the relay at a subsequent zero crossing minus the delay, the subsequent zero crossing determined based on a time of the first zero crossing and the frequency of the AC signal.

1. An isolated dimming circuit, the isolated dimming circuit comprising:a voltage input device;
a noninverting operational amplifier comprising:
a first non-feedback input, wherein the first non-feedback input is in electrical communication with the voltage input device,
a first feedback input,
a first power source input, wherein the first power source input is in electrical communication with a first power source, and
a first output;
an inverting operational amplifier comprising:
a second non-feedback input,
a second feedback input,
a second power source input, wherein the second power source input is in electrical communication with a second power source, and
an second output;
an optoelectric coupler, wherein the optoelectric coupler comprises:
an emitting photodevice, wherein the emitting photodevice is in electrical communication with the first output of the noninverting operational amplifier,
a first receiving photodevice, wherein the first receiving photodevice is in optical communication with the emitting photodevice, in electrical communication with the first feedback input of the noninverting operational amplifier, and is positioned in a first circuit wherein the first circuit is operationally configured for a first current,
a second receiving photodevice, wherein the second receiving photodevice is in optical communication with the emitting photodevice, is in electrical communication with the second non-feedback input of the inverting operational amplifier, and is positioned in a second circuit wherein the second circuit is operationally configured for a second current, and
wherein the first current and second current are operationally configured to be matched by a current factor;
a voltage output device, wherein the voltage output device is in electrical communication with the second output of the inverting operational amplifier; and
a lighting device, wherein the lighting device is in electrical communication with the voltage output device.

1. A lamp comprising:a glass tube body having a perimeter defined by a sidewall of the glass tube body for enclosing a hollow interior, that glass tube body having an exterior surface and an interior surface, in which the exterior surface and the interior surface of the sidewall are textured to increase light diffusivity; and
at least one light emitting diode (LED) comprising a substrate that provides the light positioned within the hollow interior of the glass tube body.

1. A lamp tube comprising:a glass tube body having a cross-sectional geometry that is perpendicular to a length of the glass tube body with a substantially cylindrical perimeter defined by a sidewall of the glass tube body enclosing a hollow interior for housing a light source, the sidewall of the glass tube body that defines the substantially cylindrical perimeter including at least two ridges on an interior surface of the sidewall that provides the substantially cylindrical perimeter, each ridge of said at least two ridges comprises an apex extending towards the hollow interior for the glass tube body, and said each ridge extends continuously with uniform dimensions along a majority of the length of the glass tube body, wherein from a perspective of an exterior surface of the sidewall of the glass tube body a divot is present corresponding to said each ridge.

1. A lamp comprising: a housing including a light projecting end and a base having an electrical connector for connection with a lamp fixture; a light engine positioned at the light projecting end of the housing; a driver assembly in electrical communication with the electrical connector of the base of the housing; and an inductive connection positioned between the driver assembly and the light engine, the inductive connection comprises a transmission coil in the driver assembly, and a receiver coil in the light engine that provides for the transfer of energy magnetically from the driver assembly to the light engine, and the driver assembly comprises a printed circuit board including an electromagnetic interference (EMI) rectifier, a power factor correction (PFC) regulator, and a resonant converter stage, wherein the electromagnetic interference (EMI) rectifier is in physical electrical connection with an electrical connector of the base, and the resonant converter stage is in physical electrical connection with the inductive transmission coil (Tx) of the inductive connection;wherein the light engine includes a light engine printed circuit board (PCB), the light engine PCB includes a network matching in physical electrical connection with the inductive receiver coil (Rx), a rectifier and filter portion that converts the AC voltage from the inductive receiver coil to DC voltage, an output regulator that regulates the DC voltage to an amount for an LED load for use by the light engine, and an LED load portion in physical electrical connection with the light engine.

1. A system for controlling multiple appliances concurrently using short-range wireless communication, the system comprising:a control device;
a command advertisement comprising at least one encoded command and at least one target identity string within an advertisement, wherein the command advertisement is within the control device;
a transmitter integral with the control device capable of transmitting the command advertisement;
a plurality of appliances remotely located relative to the control device and within a transmission range of the transmitter, wherein each of the appliances from the plurality of appliances comprises:
at least one receiver, whereby each of the appliances from the plurality of appliances receives the at least one command advertisement through the at least one receiver;
at least one appliance processor, whereby the at least one appliance processor decodes the at least one encoded command; and
an appliance identity string, whereby the at least one appliance processor only executes the encoded command if the target identity string matches the appliance identity string,
wherein the at least one receives the at least one command advertisement without being paired to the transmitter.

1. A light source producing a beam of variable divergence, the light source comprising:one or more light-emitting devices arranged on a planar substrate, each of the light-emitting devices having a Lambertian emission distribution;
a chamber for mixing light emitted from the one or more light-emitting devices, the chamber comprising a base defined by the planar substrate, one or more side walls having a reflective interior surface, and a planar diffusive emission surface defining a ceiling of the chamber, the chamber having an adjustable height;
a reflector extending from the chamber for redirecting light exiting from the chamber to form a light beam, the reflector surrounding and having a focal plane coincident with the ceiling of the chamber, wherein the one or more side walls are flexible; and
a mechanism to control a height of the chamber to thereby variably control a divergence of the light beam.

1. An electronic device for identifying replacement lighting structures comprising:a housing;
a camera mounted to the housing for recording an image of an illuminated lighting structure;
an orientation sensor mounted to the housing that measures orientation of the housing at a time that the camera records the image of the illuminated lighting structure;
an interface to a database of replacement lighting structures; and
a computer processor mounted to the housing, the computer processor configured to access retrofit lighting characteristics from the database of replacement lighting structures through the interface for a determined light fixture type based upon the orientation of the housing measured by the orientation sensor, and matching lighting characteristics from the image of the illuminated lighting structure to the retrofit lighting characteristics for the determined light fixture type based upon the orientation of the housing measured by the orientation sensor from the database of the replacement lighting structures to provide data for said identifying the replacement lighting structure.

1. A device for controlling the dimming of a solid-state light source, the device comprising:a microcontroller configured to receive a rectified phase-cut signal, wherein the microcontroller is configured to:
measure, within a given period, a duration of a low state of the rectified phase-cut signal and output a low value based thereon;
measure, within the given period, a duration of a high state of the rectified phase-cut signal and output a high value based thereon; and
generate an output signal based on at least one of the low value and the high value.

1. A lighting method:providing a lamp having a light source, a controller and at least one gyroscopic sensor;
measuring at least one type of movement of the lamp with said at least one gyroscopic sensor, wherein said gyroscopic sensor measures movement of said light source about an x-axis, z-axis and y-axis of a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system defined as the lamp is mounted to a rotatable head of a lamp fixture, wherein a first rotational movement about the x-axis is a movement measured by said gyroscopic sensor to provide a first electrical signal corresponding to a first light characteristic, a second rotational movement about the y-axis is movement measured by the gyroscopic sensor to provide a second electrical signal corresponding to a second light characteristic, and a third rotational movement about the z-axis is a movement measured by said gyroscopic sensor to provide a third electrical signal corresponding to a third light characteristic;
converting with the controller the at least one type of movement of the lamp measured by said at least one gyroscopic sensor to a characteristic of light; and
projecting light from the light source having the characteristic of light converted by the controller correlated to the movement of the lamp measured by the gyroscopic sensor.

1. A driver circuit comprising for lighting comprising:a power input circuit for receiving power, wherein the power input circuit includes a rectifying bridge for converting AC current into DC current;
a light emitting diode (LED) output current circuit for interfacing with a light source, the light emitting diode (LED) output current circuit including a linear current regulator;
a light emitting diode (LED) power supply circuit for controlling current from the power input circuit to the light emitting diode (LED) output current circuit;
a controller circuit including a controller for signaling the light emitting diode (LED) power supply to control current to the light emitting diode (LED) output current circuit to provide a lighting characteristic that is adjustable, wherein the controller is reset by removing power to the controller;
a smoothing capacitor for stabilizing at least an output voltage; and
a current rectifying circuit that allows forward current to travel from the power input circuit to the light emitting diode (LED) power supply circuit, wherein the current rectifying circuit substantially prohibits back current from the smoothing capacitor from traveling to the controller circuit when the power is off, wherein the current rectifying circuit includes a diode that is positioned between and in direct electrical communication with each of the rectifying bridge and the smoothing capacitor, wherein the smoothing capacitor is positioned between and in direct electrical communication with each of the diode and the linear current regulator.

1. An end cap for a light fixture comprising:a housing having an interior surface for having a first engagement surface for engaging at least one end surface of at least one component mounting structure of the light fixture and a second engagement surface for engaging an optical diffuser to position a light source between said at least one component mounting structure and the optical diffuser; and
a motion sensor entirely present on an exterior surface of the end cap, wherein the motion sensor produces signals indicative of whether a person is in a room in which the end cap is present, and the signals produced by the motion sensor are configured to set a level of light emitted by the light source between a first non-zero level of light and a second non-zero level of light.

1. A retrofit illumination fixture device comprising:a lighting module comprising one or more LEDs, and a heat sink;
a mounting and alignment bracket coupled to the heat sink, the mounting and alignment bracket configured for rigid attachment to a building;
a driver module, physically separate from the lighting module, and comprising circuitry for supplying power to the one or more LEDs;
a flexible conduit containing an interior hollow tube for a wire chase, and an exterior hollow tube for an air pathway that is positioned encircling the interior hollow tube for the wire chase, and one or more electrical connection wires within the interior hollow tube for that is for the wire chase electrically connecting the driver module to the lighting module, wherein the interior hollow tube for the wire chase is comprised of a corrugated metal; and
a fan for directing air through the lighting module and the driver module, the air passing through the air pathway of the flexible conduit.

1. An apparatus for an LED lamp, comprising: an optic device; at least one light engine wire connected to the optic device is mounted at least partially external to the optic device; a base engaged with the optic device; a driver contained within the base; at least one contact mounted on the driver in electrical communication with the driver, wherein the at least one contact further comprises at least one L-shaped contact and the at least one contact is in non-engaged contact with the at least one light engine wire.

1. A lamp comprising:a housing having a downlight geometry and a light engine including at least one string of light emitting diodes (LEDs), in which the light engine is positioned to emit light through a light emission end of the housing having the downlight geometry;
an electronics package for the light engine enclosed within the housing, wherein power wiring to the electronics package extends directly through a sidewall portion of the housing;
at least one first switch for selecting at least one lumen setting for the light emitted by the light engine; and
at least one second switch for selecting at least one correlated color temperature, wherein the first and second switch are positioned on the housing, wherein the at least one first switch and the at least one second switch are mounted on an exterior face of a back surface of the housing.

1. A light engine comprising:electrical leads extending into a supporting stem; and
a filament assembly having a V-shaped geometry in electrical connection with the electrical leads and includes at least two light emitting diode (LED) filaments, wherein a first end of the filament assembly is in electrical contact with the electrical leads and provides an apex portion of the V-shaped geometry, and a second end of the filament assembly opposite the first end has a second width greater than the first width of the apex portion, and an electrically conductive pathway that connects the at least two light emitting diode (LED) filaments at the second end, wherein a first of the at least two light emitting diode (LED) filaments is electrically connected to an anode of the electrical leads, and a second of the at least two light emitting diode (LED) filaments is electrically connected to a cathode of the electrical leads, and a mandrel extends from the stem, the mandrel having a height substantially equal to the height of the filament assembly at the second end, wherein the electrically conductive pathway has the geometry of a ring that encircles the mandrel and connects the second end for each of the at least two light emitting diode (LED) filaments at the second end, and a linear wire like geometry support structure extends from the second end of a first of the at least two light emitting diode (LED) filaments to a second of the at least two light emitting diode (LED) filaments through the mandrel.

1. A lamp comprising:at least one optical diffuser having textured surface to direct light, the at least one optical diffuser having a perimeter defined by an enclosed arc;
a frame present on at least a portion of a perimeter of the optical diffuser, the frame including at least two sidewall rails defining a track therebetween;
a plurality of light emitting diodes that are present between the frame and the optical diffuser, the plurality of light emitting diodes positioned within the frame to emit light towards the optical diffuser that is surrounded by the plurality of light emitting diodes, wherein the at least one optical diffuser comprises a first and a second optical diffuser, wherein a first optical diffuser contacts a first sidewall rail of the at least two sidewall rails of the track, a second optical diffuser contacts a second sidewall rail of the at least two sidewall rails of the track, and the light emitting diodes are present within a groove between the first and second optical diffusers; and
a base structure including a socket for engaging a lamp fixture, the socket in electrical communication to the plurality of light emitting diodes.

1. A variable-beam illumination device comprising:an array of light sources that produces an output of light, the array including inner and outer light sources;
a first concave reflector segment at least partially surrounding the array of light sources and shaped to produce a first light distribution from the output, wherein the first light distribution is a wide-angle light distribution from the output;
a second concave reflector segment at least partially surrounding the array of light sources and shaped to produce a second light distribution from the output, wherein the second light distribution is narrower than the first light distribution; and
circuitry for selectively activating the array of light sources, wherein at least one of the first and second concave reflector segments is movable relative to the other one of the first and second concave reflector segments between a first position and a second position, such that:
(a) the outer light sources of the array of light sources are selectively activated by the circuitry and a portion of the output is intercepted and reflected to effectuate the first light distribution when the at least one of the first and second concave reflector segments is in the first position, and
(b) the inner light sources of the array of light sources are selectively activated by the circuitry and a portion of the output is intercepted and reflected to effectuate the second light distribution when the at least one of the first and second reflector segments is in the second position.

1. An LED-based lighting system, comprising:a driver module;
a track electrically connected to the driver module, wherein the track comprises at least one electronic conductor disposed along a length of the track; and
at least one track adapter removably connected to the track, wherein the at least one track adapter comprises a locking mechanism configured to engage removably with the track at a position along the track,
wherein each of the track adapters is configured to be removably engaged with at least one light engine module.

1. A solid-state lamp comprising:a printed circuit board (PCB); and
a plurality of solid-state emitters populated over the PCB and configured to emit a spectrum of light comprising:
a first local emission peak at a wavelength between 400-500 nm and having a first spectral power distribution intensity;
a second local emission peak at a wavelength between 500-600 nm and having a second spectral power distribution intensity; and
a third local emission peak at a wavelength between 600-700 nm and having a third spectral power distribution intensity;
wherein:
the first local emission peak is of greater amplitude than the second local emission peak;
the third local emission peak is the only local emission peak at a wavelength between 600-700 nm;
the second spectral power distribution intensity normalized to the first spectral power distribution intensity is in the range of about 0.15-0.35; and
the third spectral power distribution intensity normalized to the first spectral power distribution intensity is in the range of about 2.4-2.8.